Side door bumper
As we all know, when the vehicle by the side impact, the door is vulnerable to the impact of the deformation, and thus directly to the vehicle occupant injuries. In order to improve the safety performance of cars, many car companies in the automotive laminated on both sides of the middle of the door to place twelve very strong beam, which is often said that the side door bumper. Bumper collision effect is: when the side door by the impact pair, solid bumper can greatly reduce the side door of the deformation, which can reduce vehicle impact damage on the vehicle occupant.
Security body
In order to reduce car occupant casualties collision, when the emphasis in the design of reinforced passenger compartment part of the body, weakening the car head and tail. When the car crash, the head or tail was crushed deformation and absorb impact energy, while the cabin crew does not produce distortion in order to ensure safety.
Safety glass
There are two tempered glass with safety glass laminated glass. Tempered glass is the glass in the hot state so that the rapid cooling produces prestressed high strength glass, broken glass, when split into many small pieces without sharp edges, easy to hurt. There are three layers of laminated glass, the middle layer of toughness and a bonding effect, destroyed by the impact is still adhere to the inner and outer layer in the middle, easily hurt. Automotive laminated glass, double thick middle layer, there is better security has been widely adopted.
Tightening belts
Is characterized by tightening belts when the vehicle in a collision of the moment, the crew moves forward it will not tighten the ribbon first, immediately tightly tied to the seat occupant, and then lock the body webbing to prevent crew forward, the effective protection of occupant safety. Tightening belts play a major role in the normal seat belt retractor with different, in addition to ordinary retractable webbing retractor function, but also has a dramatic change when the speed, can enhance the crew's around 0.1s binding, it also controls and pre-tensioning device.
Control unit divided into two kinds: one is the electronic control device, the other is the mechanical control devices. Pre-tensioning device may take many forms, a common pre-tensioning device is a deflagration-type, gas caused by the agent, the gas generating agent, catheters, pistons, rope and wheel components. When the car by the collision pre-tensioning device is excited, the sealed gas conduit in the bottom of the spontaneous combustion initiator immediately, sealing off the same agent gases within the conduit, the gas generating agent immediately produce large amounts of gas expansion, forcing the piston moves up pulling the rope, rope drive wheel to wheel rotation number retractor reel rotation, ribbon is rolled on the roll, the webbing is pulled back. Finally, will the emergency locking retractor ribbon, fixed crew body, lean forward to avoid preventing the steering wheel, dashboard and windows collide.
Airbags (SRS)
Airbag striking modern high-tech devices on cars. Install a car steering wheel airbag device, usually with no difference between an ordinary steering wheel, but once the car had a strong front-end collision, the airbag will instantly from inside the steering wheel "pop" out of the steering wheel and driving mat in between to prevent the driver's head and chest hit the steering wheel or dashboard and other hard objects. Airbags available, it has been saved many lives. Studies have shown that head-airbag device of car crash, the driver's death, big cars reduced by 30%, 11% lower medium-sized cars and small cars reduced by 14%.
Mainly by the airbag sensors, microprocessors, airbag gas generators and other components. Crash sensors and microprocessors to determine the extent of transmission and sends the signal; gas generator according to the signal indicate that a fire action, solid fuel and ignited to produce gas to the air bag inflates, the rapid expansion of the balloon, balloon capacity of about (50-90) L. At the same time with airbag safety valve, when excessive or inflated intraluminal pressure exceeds a certain value will automatically discharge part of the gas, to avoid squeezing the passengers were injured. Airbag than the gas used is nitrogen or carbon monoxide. In addition to the driver side airbag, some cars have also installed the front passenger airbag used (ie, dual airbags specifications), passengers and drivers with the use of similar, but the volume of air bags to be bigger, the required The gas is also more just. In addition, some car seats are still installed side by side door side airbags.
Smart airbags
Smart airbag is based on the general increase in the sensor type to detect the seat occupant is a child or adult, they line the location of a good seat belts, and how high? By collecting data from the electronic Computer software analysis and process control airbag inflation, so that it works best to prevent unnecessary airbag inflation, which greatly enhance its security role. Smart airbags more than the ordinary type mainly two core components, namely the sensor and its accompanying computer software.
Sensors currently used are: weight sensor, seat weight sensing based on whether someone, adult or child; electronic zone sensor. Generated in the cab of a low-energy electron region, measured by determination of the region's current occupant of the existence and location; infrared sensors to detect people based on the presence of heat, as distinct from non-living things; optical sensors. As a camera watching the seat, and with the storage of empty seats to compare images in order to determine the existence and location of the body; ultrasonic sensors, through the launch of ultrasound, and then analyze the object encountered after the crew proved the existence of the reflected wave and location.
Design and development of smart airbags, another important task is the development of computer software. Generally speaking, computer software according to the crew of the body, weight, whether seatbelts, seat location in the vehicle when the collision speed and extent of impact, and respond in a moment to adjust the safety air bag inflation timing, speed and extent of the airbag on the passenger to provide the most reasonable and most effective protection, especially to reduce children's little body damage.
Occupant head and neck protection system (WHIPS)
WHIPS is generally set in the front seat. When the rear of the car by the impact, the head and neck protection system will rapidly inflated up their entire back will be along with the ride backward, take the person's entire back and back secure in close together, back to the maximum will be backward limits to reduce the power of the head thrown forward, the seat back and headrest can be tilted horizontally, so that the upper body and head to be gentle, balanced support and protection to reduce exposure to the spine and neck impact, and head thrown back against the damage caused.
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